BS EN ISO 13736:2013 pdf download – Determination of flash point — Abel closed-cup method (ISO 13736:2013)
This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the manual and automatedclosed-cup flash point of combustible liquids having flash points between -30,0°Cto 75,0 °C.However,the precision given for this method is only valid for flash points in the range -8,5 Cto 75,0 °c.
This International Standard is not applicable to water-borne paints.
NOTE 1 Water-borne paints can be tested using IS0 3679.[3]
NOTE 2See 9.1 for the importance of this test in avoiding loss of volatile materials.
NOTE3 Liquids containing halogenated compounds can give anomalous results.
NOTE4 The thermometer specified for the manual apparatus limits the upper test temperature to 70,0°c.
2Normative references
The following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this documentand are indispensable for its application.For dated references,only the edition cited applies.For undatedreferences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling
ISO 15528,Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes —Sampling
3Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1
flash point
lowest temperature of the test portion,corrected to a barometric pressure of 101,3 kPa, at whichapplication of an ignition source causesthe vapour of the test portion to ignite and the flame to propagateacross the surface of the liquid under the specified conditions of test
4Principle
The test portion is placed in the test cup of an Abel apparatus and heated to give a constant temperatureincrease with continuousstirring.An ignition sourceis directed through an opening in the test cup coverat regular temperature intervals with simultaneous interruption of stirring.The lowest temperature atwhich application of the ignition source causes the vapours of the test portion to ignite and propagateover the surface of the liquid is recorded as the flash point at the ambient barometric pressure. Thetemperature is corrected to standard atmospheric pressure using an equation.
5 Chemicals and materials
5.1Cleaning solvent, for the removal of traces of sample from the test cup and cover.
NOTE The choice of solvent depends upon the previous material tested, and the tenacity of the residue.Low volatility aromatic (benzene-free) solvents can be used to remove traces of oil, and mixed solvents can beefficacious for the removal of gum-type deposits.
5.2 Coolant, water, ethanediol (ethylene glycol), glycerol or silicone oil (optional), for use in an externalcooling bath (6.5) or in the Abel apparatus (see 6.1).
5.3 Lubricant (optional), to reduce the formation of ice crystals on the cover and shutter mechanismwhen carrying out tests at temperatures below 5,0 °C(see 7.4.3, Note 1).
5.4Verification liquids, as described in Annex D.
5.5Ignitor and pilot light gas, which may be propane, butane or natural gas (not required ifan electricignitor is usedJ.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Flash point apparatus, as specified in Annex A.
lfautomatedequipmentisused,ensure thatthetestcupand coverassemblyconformtothekey dimensionsspecified in A.2 and that the procedure described in Clause 10 is followed.The user shall ensure that allof the manufacturer’s instructions for adjusting and operating the instrument are followed.
In cases of dispute,unless explicitly agreed otherwise, the manual determination of the flash point,using a flame ignition source, shall be considered the reference test.
6.2Thermometers.
6.2.1 Test cup thermometer, conforming to the specification given in Annex C.6.2.2 Heating vessel thermometer, conforming to the specification given in Annex C.
NOTE other types of temperature-measuring device can be used, provided that they meet the requirementsfor accuracy and have the same response as the thermometers specified in Annex C.
6.3Timing device, stopwatch or electronic timer with an accuracy better than 5 %.
6.4 Barometer, absolute pressure reading, accurate to 0,5 kPa.Barometers pre-corrected to give sea-level readings,such as those used at weather stations and airports, shall not be used.
6.5 External cooling bath (optional), for assisting in the cooling of the Abel apparatus and test sample (see 7.4.1 and 7.4.2).