BS ISO 16134:2020 pdf download – Earthquake-resistant and subsidence- resistant design of ductile iron pipelines This document specifies the design of earthquake-resistant and subsidence-resistant ductile ironpipelines suitable for use in areas where seismic activity and land subsidence can be expected. Itprovides a means of determining and checking the resistance of buried pipelines and gives examplecalculations. It is applicable to ductile iron pipes and fittings with joints as specified in lso 2531,ISO 7186 and lSo 16631 that have expansion/contraction and deflection capabilities, used in pipelinesburied underground. NOTE Subsidence is not the effects of an earthquake or a sinkhole. Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their contentconstitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.Forundated references, the latest edition of the referenced document(including any amendments) applies. ISO 2531, Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water applications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in lSo 2531and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:- ISO online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp 一IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ 3.1 burying placing of pipes underground in a condition where they touch the soil directly3.2 response displacement method earthquake-resistant calculation method in which the underground pipeline structure is affected bythe ground displacement in its axial direction during an earthquake 3.3 liquefaction phenomenon in which sandy ground rapidly loses its strength and rigidity due to repeated stress duringan earthquake, and where the whole ground behaves just like a liquid 3.4 earthquake-resistant joint joint having slip out resistance as well as expansion/contraction and deflection capabilities3.5 flexible joint joint having expansion and deflection capabilities 4 Earthquake-resistant design 4.1 Seismic hazards to buried pipelines In general, there are several main causes of seismic hazards to buried pipelines: a) ground displacement and ground strain caused by seismic ground shaking; b) ground deformation such as a ground surface crack, ground subsidence and lateral spread induced by liquefaction; c) relative displacement at the connecting part with the structure, etc.; d) ground displacement and rupture along a fault zone. Since the ductile iron pipe has high tensile strength as well as the capacity for expansion/contraction and deflection from its joint part, giving it the ability to follow the ground movement during the earthquake, the stress generated on...
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